a) Effects of Pollution on Animals -Air Pollution:
1) Acid rain (formed in the air) destroys fish life in lakes and streams
2) Excessive ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun through the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere which is eroded by some air pollutants, may cause skin cancer in wildlife
3) Ozone in the lower atmosphere may damage lung tissues of animals
b) Effects of Pollution on Animals - Water Pollution:
1) Nutrient pollution (nitrogen, phosphates etc) causes overgrowth of toxic algae eaten by other aquatic animals, and may cause death; nutrient pollution can also cause outbreaks of fish diseases
2) Chemical contamination can cause declines in frog biodiversity and tadpole mass
3) Oil pollution (as part of chemical contamination) can negatively affect development of marine organisms, increase susceptibility to disease and affect reproductive processes; can also cause gastrointestinal irritation, liver and kidney damage, and damage to the nervous system
4) Mercury in water can cause abnormal behavior, slower growth and development, reduced reproduction, and death
5) Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may cause declines, deformities and death of fish life
6) Too much sodium chloride (ordinary salt) in water may kill animals
Other notes:
We also assume that some higher forms of non-aquatic animals may have similar effects from water pollution as those experienced by humans, as described above
c) Effects of Pollution on Animals - Soil Pollution :
1) Can alter metabolism of microorganisms and arthropods in a given soil environment; this may destroy some layers of the primary food chain, and thus have a negative effect on predator animal species
2) Small life forms may consume harmful chemicals which may then be passed up the food chain to larger animals; this may lead to increased mortality rates and even animal extinction
1) Acid rain (formed in the air) destroys fish life in lakes and streams
2) Excessive ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun through the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere which is eroded by some air pollutants, may cause skin cancer in wildlife
3) Ozone in the lower atmosphere may damage lung tissues of animals
b) Effects of Pollution on Animals - Water Pollution:
1) Nutrient pollution (nitrogen, phosphates etc) causes overgrowth of toxic algae eaten by other aquatic animals, and may cause death; nutrient pollution can also cause outbreaks of fish diseases
2) Chemical contamination can cause declines in frog biodiversity and tadpole mass
3) Oil pollution (as part of chemical contamination) can negatively affect development of marine organisms, increase susceptibility to disease and affect reproductive processes; can also cause gastrointestinal irritation, liver and kidney damage, and damage to the nervous system
4) Mercury in water can cause abnormal behavior, slower growth and development, reduced reproduction, and death
5) Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may cause declines, deformities and death of fish life
6) Too much sodium chloride (ordinary salt) in water may kill animals
Other notes:
We also assume that some higher forms of non-aquatic animals may have similar effects from water pollution as those experienced by humans, as described above
c) Effects of Pollution on Animals - Soil Pollution :
1) Can alter metabolism of microorganisms and arthropods in a given soil environment; this may destroy some layers of the primary food chain, and thus have a negative effect on predator animal species
2) Small life forms may consume harmful chemicals which may then be passed up the food chain to larger animals; this may lead to increased mortality rates and even animal extinction
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